ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the comparative effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed extract (FSE) alone and in combination with an antidiabetic conventional medicine, glibenclamide (GLB), on the inhibition of in vitro lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver, the major target organ of a drug.@*METHODS@#LPO was induced by ferrous sulphate (FeSo), hydrogen peroxide (HO) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl) and the effects of test seed extract and/or GLB were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#While FeSo, HO and CCl markedly enhanced the hepatic LPO, simultaneous administration of FSE reduced it in a concentration dependent manner. However, when both FSE and GLB were added to the incubation mixture, chemically induced hepatic LPO was further inhibited. The test extract also exhibited high antioxidative activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and in 2,2'-azinobis, 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical scavenging assays.@*CONCLUSION@#FSE therapy in moderate concentration along with a hypoglycemic drug may prove to be advantageous in ameliorating diabetes mellitus and other diseases that are LPO mediated.
ABSTRACT
An SDS-PAGE analysis of renal microsomal fraction of albino mice was performed to study the involvement of proteins in dexamethasone-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and their alterations by metformin, a widely accepted oral antidiabetic drug. In addition, changes in renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) content, as well as renal somatic index (RSI) and daily rate of water consumption were also investigated. While dexamethasone administration (1.0 mg/kg for 21 days) expressed two renal proteins (43 kDa and 63.23 kDa), in addition to the increased fasting serum levels of glucose and insulin, renal LPO, RSI and daily rate of water consumption, a parallel decrease in renal SOD, CAT and GSH was also observed. Treatment with metformin normalized these alterations including the renal proteins and LPO, confirming its efficacy in ameliorating dexamethasone-induced type-2 DM and also the association of two proteins with type-2 DM.
Subject(s)
Animals , Catalase/metabolism , Dexamethasone , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Glutathione/metabolism , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Kidney/drug effects , Kidney/enzymology , Kidney/metabolism , Male , Metformin/pharmacology , Mice , Microsomes/drug effects , Microsomes/enzymology , Microsomes/metabolism , Radioimmunoassay , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolismABSTRACT
A study has been made to reveal the mode of action of lead inhibiting type-I iodothyronine 5'-monodeiodinase (5'-D) activity in the Indian rock pigeon, Columba livia. Administration of lead acetate (6 mg/kg body weight/day) for 20 days decreased 5'-D activity and glutathione content in the liver and kidney homogenates. It also reduced the serum concentration of 3, 3', 5-triiodothyronine (T3) with a marginal increase in serum thyroxine (T4). Hepatic and renal lipid peroxidative process increased significantly following lead treatment, whereas the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were decreased. The possible involvement of lipid peroxidative process in the inhibition of 5’-D activity in Columba livia is suggested.